The "Building Unrivaled Infrastructure and Long-term Development for America's 250th Act," or the BUILD America 250 Act, proposes to authorize substantial funding for various federal transportation programs from fiscal years 2027 through 2031. This comprehensive legislation aims to modernize and improve the nation's infrastructure, enhance safety, and foster efficiency across different transportation modes. It introduces reforms to existing programs, establishes new initiatives, and seeks to streamline administrative processes. Title I focuses on Federal-Aid Highways , authorizing billions for programs like the National Highway Performance Program, Surface Transportation Block Grant Program, and Highway Safety Improvement Program. It significantly increases funding for bridge programs, including state apportionments and competitive grants for nationally significant projects. The bill also introduces a new definition for "digital infrastructure" and modifies apportionment formulas for various highway programs. Subtitle B of Title I emphasizes Improved Project Delivery and Environmental Streamlining . It raises thresholds for major project oversight, streamlines environmental reviews by setting deadlines for purpose and need definitions, and expands the use of categorical exclusions for certain undertakings and projects of limited federal assistance. The bill also allows eligible entities, beyond states, to assume responsibility for categorical exclusions, aiming to accelerate project timelines. Title III addresses Public Transportation , reforming urbanized area formula grants, grants for enhanced mobility of seniors and individuals with disabilities, and rural area grants. A new Consolidated State Block Grant Program is established to provide states with lump-sum funding for various transit purposes, excluding primary urbanized areas. Reforms to Fixed Guideway Capital Investment Grants introduce "streamlined start" projects with higher cost thresholds and allow for alternative project delivery methods. Key safety and transparency measures in public transportation include the All Stations Accessibility Program , which provides competitive grants to upgrade legacy rail systems for individuals with disabilities. The bill also mandates minimum spending on crime prevention and security projects, including new provisions for fare evasion penalties. It also requires the Secretary to establish a working group to protect bus operators from assault and sets new standards for bus testing and procurement. Title IV focuses on Highway Safety , consolidating and enhancing existing programs. It establishes national priority safety initiatives, requiring states to dedicate specific funding percentages to areas like occupant protection, impaired driving countermeasures, distracted driving, motorcyclist safety, nonmotorist safety, and speeding. The bill also mandates research into marijuana and polysubstance impairment and establishes a national drug-involved crash data collection system. Title V addresses Motor Carriers , authorizing appropriations for safety assistance, high priority programs, and commercial driver's license implementation. It aims to improve oversight of predatory commercial motor vehicle lease-purchase agreements and mandates restroom access for drivers at covered establishments. The bill also extends the apprenticeship pilot program for commercial drivers and introduces new safety standards and requirements for ADS-equipped commercial motor vehicles operating in interstate commerce. Title VI, Innovation , supports advanced transportation technologies through grants and councils. It continues the Strengthening Mobility and Revolutionizing Transportation grant program and the Strategic Innovation for Revenue Collection program, including a national motor vehicle per-mile user fee pilot. The bill also prohibits the use or procurement of certain foreign-made LiDAR technology in federally funded projects and emphasizes data privacy in predictive analytics. Title VII focuses on Freight and Multimodal Transportation Programs , updating the national multimodal freight policy and strategic plan. It establishes the Freight Logistics Optimization Works Program (FLOW) to improve supply chain visibility through voluntary public-private data sharing. The bill also modifies eligibility and selection criteria for national infrastructure and local/regional project assistance grants, and expands the national culvert removal, replacement, and restoration grant program. Finally, Title X addresses Railroads and Hazardous Materials , authorizing significant grants for Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and National Network, including dedicated funding for accessibility upgrades. It also authorizes appropriations for the Federal Railroad Administration's safety and operations, and research and development. Competitive grants are provided for Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and Safety Improvements (CRISI), Railroad Crossing Safety Improvements, and the National Intercity Passenger Railroad Partnership Program. Rail safety and innovation provisions include enhanced rail bridge inspections and a new Rail Bridge Safety Concern Reporting System. The bill mandates the installation of inward- and outward-facing image recording devices in locomotive cabs and establishes a confidential close call reporting system for Class I freight railroads. It also addresses civil penalties for hazardous materials violations, mandates a phase-out schedule for certain tank cars, and sets new requirements for the safe transport of lithium-ion batteries.