The "Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026" aims to reform and continue numerous agricultural and related programs administered by the Department of Agriculture through fiscal year 2031. This comprehensive legislation touches upon nearly every aspect of the nation's food and agriculture system, from direct farmer support to international trade and rural infrastructure. In the realm of commodities , the bill extends permanent price support authority, modifies the Tree Assistance Program, and establishes a new framework for specialty crop emergency assistance. It also provides for block grants for covered losses due to natural disasters and mandates reporting of dairy product processing costs. For conservation , major programs like the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP), and Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) are reauthorized through 2031, with new incentives for precision agriculture and grants for soil health. Reforms to technical assistance delivery and agricultural easement programs are also included, alongside a feral swine eradication and control program. Trade provisions transfer Food for Peace Act authorities to the Secretary of Agriculture, focusing on food aid quality and pre-positioning. It also strengthens agricultural trade promotion, aims to preserve foreign markets for goods using common names, and establishes an interagency working group for seasonal and perishable fruits and vegetables. Nutrition programs see policy updates for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), including permanent authority for online purchasing and staffing flexibility. The bill also reauthorizes commodity distribution programs and the Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program, while expanding dairy nutrition incentives. Regarding credit , the bill increases loan limits for farm ownership and operating loans, allows for refinancing of guaranteed loans into direct loans, and reauthorizes the Heirs Property Relending Program. It also establishes an expedited approval pilot program for certain loans. Rural development initiatives include prioritizing distance learning and telemedicine, reauthorizing rural broadband programs with new speed requirements, and creating an Innovative Broadband Advancement Program. Grants for new meat processing facilities and an "Expanding Childcare in Rural America Initiative" are also established, alongside technical assistance for underserved areas. In research, extension, and related matters , the bill reauthorizes various programs, including those for veterinary medicine, 1890 land-grant colleges, and specialty crop research. It establishes new Centers of Excellence in areas like aquaculture and biosecurity, and creates an Agricultural Innovation Corps. Forestry provisions focus on wildfire mitigation, forest management activities, and timber innovation, including a new Community Wood Facilities Program and a biochar application demonstration project. It also includes measures to improve transparency in hazardous fuels reduction reporting. Energy programs see updates to the definition of advanced biofuel, reforms to the Biobased Markets Program, and reauthorization of the Biorefinery Assistance and Rural Energy for America Programs. Studies on solar panel installations on farmland and a limitation on USDA funding for ground-mounted solar systems are introduced. Horticulture, marketing, and regulatory reform includes reauthorizing specialty crop block grants, updating hemp production regulations, and establishing an Office of Biotechnology Policy. Finally, crop insurance provisions create a Specialty Crop Advisory Committee, enhance support for beginning and veteran farmers, and mandate research and development for new policies covering revenue losses, smoke exposure, mushrooms, and prevented planting.