SOLAR Act

The Securing Our Lands and Resources Act, or SOLAR Act, aims to limit the U.S. Department of Agriculture's financial assistance for ground-mounted solar energy systems that convert agricultural land. Specifically, it prohibits the Secretary of Agriculture from funding projects that result in the conversion of covered farmland for solar energy production, defining conversion as any activity causing farmland to fail state agricultural production requirements. However, the bill outlines several exceptions to this prohibition. Funding may still be provided if the project converts less than 5 acres of farmland, or less than 50 acres if the majority of the energy produced is for on-farm use. An additional exception applies if the project has received a resolution of approval or support from all relevant county and municipal governments. For projects that receive local government approval, the bill mandates specific farmland protection measures. Applicants must develop a farmland conservation plan to implement best practices for soil health protection, mitigate adverse effects during construction and operation, and ensure remediation and restoration of soil health after decommissioning. Furthermore, applicants must secure sufficient funds for decommissioning and restoration, with USDA financial assistance only disbursed after compliance with these planning requirements. Failure to adhere to the conservation plan will require the repayment of all federal financial assistance.