This bill, titled the Natural Climate Solutions Research and Extension Act of 2026, amends the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 to establish a new grant program. The legislation authorizes high-priority research and extension grants specifically for natural climate solutions . These grants aim to advance land management practices that effectively store carbon or reduce greenhouse gas emissions across various ecosystems. Eligible areas for these practices include agricultural lands and soils, grasslands, wetlands, and forests. The supported practices must also incorporate traditional ecological knowledge, promote biodiversity and climate change resilience, and reduce runoff.