This bill, known as the Natural Climate Solutions Research and Extension Act of 2026, amends the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990. It establishes a new category for high-priority research and extension grants aimed at advancing natural climate solutions. The primary objective of these grants is to support land management practices that effectively store carbon or reduce greenhouse gas emissions . These practices are to be implemented across various ecosystems, including agricultural lands, soils, grasslands, wetlands, and forests. Furthermore, the bill specifies that eligible practices should be based on traditional ecological knowledge , promote biodiversity and climate change resilience , and contribute to reducing runoff.