This legislation significantly enhances Medicaid benefits by requiring state plans to cover annual lung cancer screenings for individuals recommended by U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines, without any cost sharing or prior authorization. Additionally, it expands Medicaid coverage for counseling and pharmacotherapy for tobacco cessation to all beneficiaries, moving beyond the current limitation to pregnant women, and includes e-cigarettes in the definition of tobacco use. These changes, effective January 1, 2028, aim to improve early detection of lung cancer and reduce tobacco use among the Medicaid population. Beyond Medicaid, the bill also addresses lung cancer screening under Medicare and private health insurance . It prohibits the application of prior authorization requirements for annual lung cancer screenings for eligible individuals under both Medicare and group or individual health insurance plans, also effective January 1, 2028. To support these efforts, the bill authorizes an education and outreach campaign by the Secretary of Health and Human Services to inform the public and healthcare providers about the importance of lung cancer screenings. Furthermore, the legislation mandates a Comptroller General report to study the demographics of individuals diagnosed with and screened for lung cancer. This report will identify populations missed by current screening guidelines, such as firefighters, veterans, and women under 50, and provide recommendations to improve screening for these segments.