This bill establishes a prohibition on the use of federally funded research awards for collaborations with certain foreign entities or individuals. Specifically, no federal funds can be used by an individual or entity receiving a research award to engage in any research collaboration with an entity listed on a United States Government restricted entity list or an individual associated with such an entity. This measure is designed to safeguard national security and protect American innovation from potential adversaries. The legislation broadly defines "research collaboration" to include joint research activities, co-authorship, data sharing, personnel exchanges, and joint laboratories. The "United States Government restricted entity list" encompasses a wide array of existing lists maintained by various federal agencies, such as the Commerce Department's Entity List, the Treasury Department's SDN list, and lists related to Chinese military companies or forced labor. This comprehensive scope ensures that collaborations with entities deemed a risk to U.S. interests are restricted. To ensure consistent implementation, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in consultation with relevant federal research agencies, is directed to issue government-wide guidance. Federal agencies retain a limited waiver authority , allowing them to permit collaborations on a case-by-case basis if deemed necessary for U.S. national security interests or for essential scientific or public health purposes that cannot otherwise be achieved. Any such waiver must be reported to Congress within 30 days, detailing the justification and any mitigation measures taken.