The Biodefense Diplomacy Enhancement Act aims to significantly enhance United States diplomatic engagement on international biodefense, biosecurity, and biotechnology matters. It mandates the Secretary of State to advance U.S. foreign policy goals by improving cooperation with allies and partners in these critical areas. This includes prioritizing policy development within NATO , strengthening planning, and evaluating opportunities to expand NATO's capabilities in researching and deploying biotechnology for security purposes, while also promoting adherence to high safety and security standards in biological research among member states. Beyond NATO, the bill directs the Secretary of State to pursue cooperation with other U.S. allies and partners, including major non-NATO allies. This involves exploring collaboration in biotechnology, biosecurity, and biodefense, coordinating on export control policies for dual-use biotechnology items, and working to enforce the Biological Weapons Convention . The Act requires the development of two key strategies: a "NATO Biodefense Strategy" to assess current cooperation, identify gaps, and recommend solutions, and an "International Biotechnology, Biosecurity, and Biodefense Cooperation Strategy" to propose expanded cooperation and assess export control efforts. These strategies, limited to threats from biological agents and toxins, must be submitted in a report to Congress within 270 days, followed by a congressional briefing on significant developments.