The Housing Oversight and Mitigating Exploitation Act of 2025, or HOME Act, seeks to protect consumers from price gouging in residential rental and sale markets during periods of affordable housing crisis. It grants the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) the authority to declare an "affordable housing crisis period" and prohibit "unconscionably excessive" pricing of dwelling units and single-family housing during such times. The Secretary's determination of a crisis considers factors like mortgage interest rates, median home prices, and household income. During a declared crisis, which can last up to 30 days and be renewed, it becomes unlawful to exploit crisis circumstances for unreasonable price increases. Enforcement of this prohibition falls to HUD, similar to the Federal Trade Commission's powers, and also allows State Attorneys General to bring civil actions. Penalties collected from violations will be deposited into the Housing Trust Fund to support affordable housing initiatives. The Act mandates HUD to conduct an investigation into housing price manipulation, including the impact of mergers and acquisitions, and report its findings to Congress. It also establishes the Housing Monitoring and Enforcement Unit within HUD, tasked with continuously collecting and analyzing market data to identify manipulation, support transparent practices, and facilitate enforcement against violators, including investigating excessive concentration of housing-related infrastructure. Additionally, the Secretary must monitor single-family housing purchases to identify excessive acquisitions by single purchasers or institutional investors, triggering investigations into potential market manipulation. The bill also directs HUD, FTC, and the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection to jointly identify unfair tenant screening practices, while the Attorney General and FTC will review anti-competitive behaviors in housing markets, and new standards will limit Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac investments to protect renters.