The Fairness, Anti-discrimination and Individual Rights Act of 2025, or FAIR Act of 2025, seeks to prohibit discrimination and preferential treatment based on race, color, or national origin in federal actions. This includes federal contracts, employment, and any federally conducted program or activity, preventing the government from intentionally discriminating or granting advantages. The bill also extends these prohibitions to State or private entities receiving federal financial assistance, barring them from such practices in contracts, employment, or educational admissions. A "preference" is broadly defined to encompass quotas, set-asides, numerical goals , and other numerical objectives. Federal agencies are required to review and modify their policies within six months to conform to the Act's requirements. Aggrieved individuals can pursue a civil action for relief, including back pay and attorney's fees. The Act clarifies it does not affect pending cases, existing contracts, or laws governing immigration or nationality.