This legislation aims to protect the collective self-determination and individual rights of persons born and residing in American Samoa. It amends Section 341(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act to allow U.S. nationals to apply for a passport identifying them as a national, but not a citizen, of the United States. Crucially, it establishes an elective pathway for these U.S. nationals, if they reside in a U.S. state or a territory subject to specific citizenship provisions, to obtain full United States citizenship upon written request during their passport application. This change provides a mechanism for American Samoans to choose citizenship without it being automatically imposed, while also making conforming amendments to the INA and repealing a related naturalization section.