This legislation mandates the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, to produce a comprehensive report within 180 days of its enactment. The report will detail emerging military, cyber, hybrid, and political threats faced by Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, identifying the roles of malign actors such as Russia, Belarus, China, and Iran in advancing these dangers. Furthermore, the report must assess the current posture and presence of United States and NATO forces in the Baltic region, evaluating their effectiveness in deterring these threats. It will also explore opportunities to enhance bilateral and multilateral defense cooperation between the U.S. and the Baltic countries. Finally, the report is mandated to provide recommendations for strengthening the deterrence posture, cybersecurity infrastructure, and democratic resilience of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, underscoring the U.S. commitment to their security.