The "Risky Research Review Act" establishes the Life Sciences Research Security Board as an independent agency within the Executive Branch. This Board is tasked with issuing binding determinations on whether federal agencies can award funding for proposed or ongoing high-risk life sciences research . High-risk research is specifically defined to include dual-use research of concern involving high-consequence pathogens and gain-of-function research . The Board will consist of nine members, including scientists, national security experts, and a biosafety expert, appointed by the President for four-year terms. These members must be impartial, distinguished in their fields, and undergo strict conflict of interest reviews and security clearance processes. The Executive Director, who chairs the Board, requires Senate confirmation. Agencies are prohibited from funding high-risk life sciences research without the Board's explicit approval. Entities seeking federal funding must attest whether their research is high-risk or involves select agents/toxins and disclose all funding sources under penalty of perjury. Agencies must then certify these attestations and refer high-risk proposals to the Board for review. If research in progress unexpectedly becomes high-risk, the performing entity must immediately pause the work and notify the funding agency, which then informs the Board. The Board's review process involves assessing potential threats to public health, safety, national security, and agriculture, weighing these against potential benefits, and determining necessary biosafety, biosecurity, and personnel assurance controls. The Board also has the authority to review classified research and audit past funding for compliance. For "emergency research" related to public health crises or national security, an expedited review process is established. Non-compliance by researchers can lead to suspension and debarment, while agency employees who knowingly fail to follow procedures face disciplinary action and security clearance revocation. The Board is authorized $30 million annually from fiscal years 2026 through 2035 and is subject to periodic audits by the Government Accountability Office.