This legislation, known as the Quapaw Tribal Settlement Act of 2025, authorizes a significant financial settlement for the Quapaw Nation and specific individual members. It directs the Secretary of the Interior to pay $137,500,000 from the U.S. Treasury to resolve claims stemming from the case of Bear, et al. v. United States. This payment is made in accordance with a recommendation from the Review Panel of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Upon appropriation, these funds will be deposited into a newly established Quapaw Bear Settlement Trust Account within the Department of the Interior's Bureau of Trust Funds Administration. The Secretary of the Interior is responsible for administering these funds. The bill outlines a detailed process for the distribution of these settlement proceeds among the designated Claimants. Initially, the Claimants are required to engage in third-party mediation within 45 days of the Act's enactment to develop a mutually agreed-upon distribution plan. This mediation process is confidential and non-binding unless written consent is given. If mediation is unsuccessful or a mutual plan is not reached within 18 months, any Claimant may petition the Secretary of the Interior to determine the final allocation. Under this Secretarial Allocation process, the Secretary or a designee will conduct a hearing and issue a final decision on the distribution plan within 60 days of the hearing. The Secretary is then directed to distribute the funds from the trust account to the Claimants according to this final plan within 60 days of the decision. The Act also permits the Secretary to utilize the Federal Mediation Conciliation Service for technical support during this process.