China AI Power Report Act

This legislation, known as the China AI Power Report Act, requires the Secretaries of Commerce and State, in consultation with various federal agencies, to submit an annual report for three years on the People's Republic of China's (PRC) advanced artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities. The initial report is due within 180 days of enactment, with subsequent reports annually. This comprehensive assessment aims to provide Congress with detailed insights into the PRC's AI ecosystem. Each report must include an in-depth assessment of integrated circuits designed for advanced AI training or inference by PRC chip designers, detailing their technical specifications, production numbers, and the foundries used. It also requires an evaluation of semiconductor fabrication facilities in the PRC, covering their production capacity, yield, most advanced process nodes, and the origin of manufacturing equipment. Similar scrutiny is applied to memory integrated circuits and the facilities producing them, including technical specifications and production metrics. The bill further mandates an assessment of semiconductor manufacturing equipment companies in the PRC, detailing their annual production volume, technical specifications of equipment, and the origin of foreign-sourced subcomponents. An evaluation of electronic design automation (EDA) software used in the PRC for AI integrated circuit design is also required, focusing on design stages supported, compatibility with advanced process nodes, and market share. A critical component of the report is an assessment of advanced artificial intelligence models developed by PRC entities, particularly those affiliated with the People's Liberation Army or universities. This includes analyzing model parameters, training compute, performance on benchmark tasks, and potential for cyber offensive capabilities or biological application domains. The report must also detail the societal use and international diffusion of these models, their alignment with CCP propaganda, and potential vulnerabilities. Additional assessments cover AI research in the PRC, including novel algorithms, hardware advancements, research funding, and methods of intellectual property theft. The bill also requires an analysis of aggregate public funding and capital flows supporting AI development in the PRC, including national, provincial, and municipal investments, subsidies, and foreign capital. The aggregate AI computational capacity in the PRC, including details on the most capable entities and datacenter specifications, must also be reported. The report will also assess leading humanoid robot manufacturers in the PRC, detailing production capacity, unit costs, and the origin and technical specifications of critical components. It requires an analysis of the tasks these robots perform, their deployment across various sectors, and their cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Furthermore, an assessment of the most advanced or widely used AI-powered applications developed by PRC entities is necessary, including their underlying models, deployment means, data usage, and potential risks to U.S. national security. Finally, the bill requires an assessment of the regulatory framework governing AI in the PRC, including explicit and implicit restrictions, their impact on AI development, and CCP efforts to gain insight into AI systems. It also covers the PRC's global AI standards diplomacy efforts , the extent of remote access to AI computational resources by PRC entities, and the diversion of U.S.-controlled integrated circuits to the PRC. An assessment of the effectiveness of U.S. export controls in restricting PRC access to AI-relevant technologies, along with recommendations for strengthening them, is also included. The Secretaries are directed to prioritize semiconductors and components critical to advanced AI systems and to provide context by comparing PRC capabilities to those of the United States and partner countries, with the report submitted in unclassified form with a potential classified annex.