This bill, titled the Judicial Space and Facilities Management Effectiveness Act of 2026, establishes a pilot program to transfer the management of certain federal court facilities from the General Services Administration (GSA) to the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts (AO). The primary goal is to improve the maintenance, alteration, and construction of United States courthouses by giving the Judicial Branch more direct control over its accommodations. This initiative aims to enhance the efficiency and responsiveness of facility management for the Judiciary. Under this pilot, the Director of the AO will identify real property containing court accommodations in up to 10 judicial districts for transfer. Additionally, the jurisdiction, custody, and control of the Thurgood Marshall Federal Judiciary Building will be transferred to the Director. This transfer will be nonreimbursable, making the Director responsible for all building functions and associated costs for these properties. The bill authorizes the Director to establish a Judiciary Buildings Service within the AO. This service will have broad authority, including acquiring, managing, operating, altering, constructing, and leasing spaces and facilities necessary for court accommodations. The Director can also contract for architectural, engineering, construction, operation, and maintenance services, and secure properties in coordination with federal agencies. A dedicated Judicial Space and Facilities Management Fund will be established in the Treasury to support these activities. This fund will receive appropriations, advances, and reimbursements, and will be available for the acquisition, alteration, construction, and management of judicial spaces and facilities, including furniture and equipment. The Director is also authorized to outlease excess space and charge federal agencies for services, with proceeds deposited into this fund. The bill includes significant congressional oversight requirements for major projects. Any construction, purchase, acquisition, or lease exceeding specified monetary thresholds (e.g., $10 million for construction, $5 million for alteration, $10 million average annual for leases) must be approved by resolutions from relevant House and Senate committees. The Director must submit a detailed prospectus for each proposed project, outlining costs, plans, energy performance, and justification. The Director is required to develop and annually revise a long-range plan for space and facilities management, subject to approval by the Judicial Conference of the United States, and submit it to Congress. Quarterly reports on expenditure activity of the Judiciary Buildings Service will also be provided to congressional appropriations committees, detailing financial activities and capital expenditure projects. Crucially, the authority for the Director to request property transfers from the GSA will sunset after 7 years . An orderly transfer of all previously transferred real property and leases back to the GSA will begin 10 years after enactment. The entire Act is set to be repealed 15 years after its enactment, reverting all amended provisions to their original state. The Comptroller General of the United States is mandated to conduct biennial reviews of the Judiciary Buildings Service's operations, procurement, contracting, and financial management, including any instances of waste, fraud, or abuse. A sense of Congress statement indicates that if the Judiciary proves successful in managing these facilities, an extension of this authority to additional facilities should be considered to ensure the effective administration of justice.