The "Harry Reid Immigration Stabilization Act" seeks to overhaul U.S. immigration policy by curbing criminal activity, defending against terrorism, protecting American workers, and relieving pressure on public services. It proposes substantial reductions in legal immigration, including a cap of 300,000 for family-sponsored immigrants and 40,000 for employment-based immigrants, while entirely eliminating the diversity visa program. Furthermore, it narrows the criteria for employment-based visas to only those with extraordinary ability , outstanding professors/researchers, and certain multinational executives/managers. The bill introduces significant reforms to the asylum system, establishing an expedited exclusion process for individuals without proper documentation or a credible fear of persecution. It defines "credible fear" with strict criteria and imposes tight deadlines for asylum applications, generally requiring filing within 45 days of entry. The legislation also expands grounds for exclusion, particularly for those presenting fraudulent documents or violating immigration laws, and severely limits judicial review of exclusion and deportation decisions. To address criminal activity by aliens, the bill dramatically expands the definition of an "aggravated felony," making more offenses grounds for deportation, including certain fraud, theft, and firearms offenses. It streamlines deportation procedures for non-permanent residents and introduces judicial deportation, allowing courts to issue deportation orders at the time of sentencing. Penalties for illegal reentry and visa fraud are also significantly increased, and states are encouraged to cooperate with federal immigration authorities for the incarceration and deportation of criminal aliens. Regarding financial responsibility, the bill redefines a "public charge" to include any alien unlikely to avoid means-tested public assistance, making them excludable. It mandates that sponsors provide a guarantee of financial responsibility, enforceable by federal or state agencies, to prevent the alien from becoming a public charge for an extended period. Additionally, it restricts direct federal financial benefits and unemployment compensation for aliens not lawfully admitted as permanent residents or refugees. The legislation mandates a national work eligibility verification system by 2028, requiring employers to verify an individual's Social Security number or alien identification card through a telephone system. This system necessitates the issuance of improved, tamper-proof Social Security cards for citizens and permanent residents, and alien identification cards for all authorized workers. The bill also calls for a national electronic network for vital statistics to prevent fraud. Border security is enhanced through a mandated increase in Border Patrol personnel, reaching 26,900 by fiscal year 2031. A new border crossing fee is introduced for entries by land or sea, with revenues dedicated to a Border Control Trust Fund for deterring illegal entry and expediting lawful traffic. International carriers face increased penalties, including potential forfeiture of landing rights, for repeatedly transporting undocumented aliens. To combat alien smuggling, the bill promotes cooperative arrangements with foreign governments and instructs the Coast Guard to deter unlawful entry by sea. It expands the application of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act to include immigration offenses and increases sentencing guidelines for alien smuggling, especially in cases involving multiple aliens, other criminal activity, exploitation, or harm. Finally, the bill clarifies that individuals born in the U.S. to non-citizen parents who are nationals of another country are not automatically U.S. citizens, and criminalizes voting by non-citizens in any U.S. election.