This legislation introduces a significant protection for Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries by establishing an annual out-of-pocket spending limit . Starting in 2028, this limit will be set at $5,000 and will be adjusted annually based on the per capita aggregate expenditures under Medicare Parts A and B. Once a beneficiary reaches this cap, they will no longer be responsible for deductibles, coinsurance, or copayments for covered services for the remainder of the year, with Medicare covering 100% of subsequent costs. The bill also significantly enhances programs designed to protect low-income Medicare beneficiaries, effective January 1, 2028. It eliminates the resource standard (asset test) for eligibility determinations for both the Low-Income Subsidy (LIS) program and Medicare Savings Programs (MSP). Furthermore, it aligns and increases income eligibility thresholds , raising the maximum income for LIS from 150% to 200% of the federal poverty line and similarly adjusting MSP income limits to 200% of the FPL. To streamline access, the bill mandates bidirectional eligibility deeming between LIS and MSP, meaning eligibility for one program will automatically confer eligibility for the other. State Medicaid agencies will also be required to treat data transmitted by the Social Security Administration, such as from LIS applications, as an application for MSP, ensuring prompt enrollment for eligible individuals.