This bill, known as the "FDPIR Tribal Food Sovereignty Act of 2026," amends the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act to expand self-determination opportunities for Native American communities. Its core purpose is to enable Tribal organizations to directly administer the Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR) , fostering greater tribal control over food assistance. The legislation specifically mandates the Secretary of Agriculture to enter into self-determination contracts with Tribal organizations, upon their request, to carry out the FDPIR. These contracts will operate under the same terms and conditions as other self-determination agreements, with the Department of Agriculture serving as the designated agency. Furthermore, the Office of Self-Governance of the Bureau of Indian Affairs is required to provide essential technical assistance to both the Secretary of Agriculture and requesting Tribes or Tribal organizations to facilitate the implementation of these new contracts.