This bill, titled the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Water Rights Settlement Act, aims to achieve a fair, equitable, and final settlement of all water rights claims for the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians (Tribe) and the United States acting as trustee. It authorizes, ratifies, and confirms a settlement agreement among the Tribe, the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD), and the Desert Water Agency (DWA), directing the Secretary of the Interior to execute the agreement and take necessary actions for its implementation. The legislation also provides funding and authorizes the transfer of federal land to the Tribe, alongside the sale of federal land to CVWD. A core provision of the Act is the confirmation of the Tribal Water Right , which quantifies the Tribe's right to produce and/or use up to 20,000 acre-feet per year of groundwater. This right holds a priority date no later than the 1876 and 1877 Executive Orders establishing the Reservation, making it prior and paramount to other claims to Native Groundwater in the Indio Subbasin. The Tribal Water Right will be held in trust by the United States for the Tribe and Allottees, is not subject to state law or forfeiture through non-use, and the Tribe has authority to use it on and off the Reservation, subject to the Agreement and federal law. The bill establishes the Agua Caliente Settlement Trust Fund , comprising four accounts: Development Projects, Groundwater Augmentation, Water Management, and Operation, Maintenance, and Replacement Costs. Congress mandates appropriations totaling $500,000,000 for these accounts, with provisions for cost fluctuations. Funds from the Development Projects Account are available for water-related infrastructure and quality improvements, while the Groundwater Augmentation Account reimburses Water Districts for projects that increase groundwater supplies. The Water Management Account supports tribal water right administration, and the O&M Account covers infrastructure costs. Importantly, no portion of the fund can be distributed on a per capita basis to Tribal Members. Upon the bill's enforceability, the Tribe and the United States (as trustee) will waive and release numerous water-related claims against CVWD, DWA, and the United States, including those for water rights, damages from groundwater overdraft, and certain water quality issues. However, specific claims are retained, such as those for enforcing the Agreement, water quality issues under federal environmental laws, and rights to water acquired after the Act's enactment. The enforceability date is contingent on several conditions, including full appropriation of funds, court approval of the Agreement, and execution of waivers, with an expiration clause if these conditions are not met by December 31, 2035, or a mutually agreed-upon later date. The Act also addresses taxation by preempting the Riverside County Ad Valorem Property Tax on possessory interests when the Tribe imposes a Tribal Possessory Interest Tax . This Tribal Tax must be levied at a rate and on an assessed value no lower than what the county would have imposed, with proceeds distributed to other public agencies in amounts equivalent to what they would have received from the county tax. The Tribe may delegate tax assessment and collection to Riverside County through an intergovernmental agreement, and the tax proceeds are designated for specific purposes, including supporting the Agua Caliente Water Authority and tribal government, not per capita distributions. Finally, the bill mandates the transfer of approximately 2,072 acres of federal land into trust for the Tribe, subject to existing rights, and the conveyance of approximately 842.4 acres of Facility Land to CVWD at fair market value. These land transfers are subject to environmental compliance and specific conditions regarding existing authorizations and cultural resource protection. The United States provides a limited waiver of sovereign immunity for enforcing the Act's terms, and the legislation clarifies that it does not set a precedent for other Indian water claims or affect the water rights of other Indian Tribes.