This legislation aims to safeguard health care practitioners who raise concerns about patient safety and the quality of health care services. It broadly defines "patient safety concerns" to include issues related to staffing practices, equipment sufficiency, and the appropriateness of services. The bill explicitly prohibits retaliation by health care facilities against practitioners for communicating these concerns to various entities, including supervisors, state authorities, government officials, and, under certain conditions, the news media. The act establishes a rebuttable presumption that any adverse action taken against a practitioner within 180 days of reporting a concern is retaliatory. It also mandates that any contractual provision prohibiting a practitioner from truthfully speaking about health care quality is null and void, and it releases practitioners from non-competition agreements if they report concerns. For enforcement, the bill authorizes both individual and class action lawsuits, allowing for recovery of actual damages, attorney's fees, and significant punitive damages. Before filing a lawsuit, practitioners must first file complaints with relevant State authorities and, for hospitals, the Joint Commission. Additionally, the bill amends the Social Security Act to require health care providers participating in Medicare to establish mechanisms for anonymous reporting and investigation of patient safety concerns.