Federal Employees Civil Relief Act

The Federal Employees Civil Relief Act aims to protect Federal workers and contractors during government shutdowns or debt limit breaches. It provides for the temporary suspension of judicial and administrative proceedings and transactions that could adversely affect their civil rights. A "shutdown" is defined as a lapse in appropriations or when the national debt exceeds the statutory limit. During a " covered period " (shutdown plus 30 days), the bill prohibits evictions and foreclosures without a court order, allowing courts to stay proceedings or adjust obligations for affected individuals. Federal workers may also apply for anticipatory relief, seeking temporary stays on payments for rent, mortgages, taxes, fines, and other civil obligations. For student loans , affected federal workers become eligible for deferment , suspending principal payments and preventing interest accrual. Lenders are prohibited from placing loans in default or initiating collections, wage garnishments, or adverse credit reporting without a court order. Federal income tax deferral is also permitted for up to 90 days post-shutdown if ability to pay is materially affected, with no interest or penalties. The Act prevents covered insurance policies (health, life, disability, motor vehicle) from lapsing or terminating due to unpaid premiums during a shutdown, absent a court order. Crucially, exercising these protections will not negatively impact a federal worker's creditworthiness or future financial transactions, and dependents are eligible for similar protections. Courts can also reduce or waive fines and penalties. Violations can lead to civil actions by the Attorney General, with potential for equitable relief, monetary damages, and civil penalties up to $110,000 for subsequent offenses. Individuals also have a private right of action to seek relief, including costs and attorney fees.