This legislation, known as the Mobile Cancer Screening Act, directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services, through the Health Resources and Services Administration, to award grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements. The primary purpose of these awards is to support the establishment of new mobile cancer screening units , thereby expanding patient access to crucial screening services in rural and underserved areas. Eligible entities include nonprofit hospitals, Federally-qualified health centers, academic health centers, health systems, and consortia of these organizations. Funds awarded under this program can be utilized for various essential needs, such as purchasing commercial vehicles for mobile units, acquiring imaging technology, and procuring digital tools necessary for operation. Each award is capped at $2,000,000 . The Secretary is mandated to prioritize applicants who demonstrate the highest potential impact on patient mortality and screening gaps for high-risk individuals, those serving underserved populations, and applicants capable of providing comprehensive follow-up care for abnormal findings within 90 minutes. A condition for receiving an award is that eligible entities must contribute matching funds from non-Federal sources, amounting to at least one dollar for every three dollars provided by the award. Furthermore, the Secretary is required to submit a report to Congress within four years, detailing the program's impact on screening rates, early cancer detection, and patient outcomes, disaggregated by various demographic factors. The bill authorizes an appropriation of $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2031 to carry out this section.