This bill mandates a joint study by the Comptroller General and the Secretary of Transportation to analyze weather-related hazards and identify gaps in surface transportation safety. The study will comprehensively evaluate existing federal programs and grants, assessing their effectiveness in reducing crash risk, reaching rural areas, and supporting real-time traveler notification. It also requires an examination of State, local, and Tribal practices for integrating weather data into traffic management, along with any barriers to such integration. Furthermore, the study will consider the role of emergency management, resource constraints, cost-benefit estimates for interventions, and relevant privacy considerations. The objective is to identify best practices and formulate legislative or administrative recommendations to close identified safety gaps. A detailed report outlining the study's results and recommendations must be submitted to relevant Congressional committees within two years of the bill's enactment.