The National Biotechnology Safety Act establishes a program within the National Science Foundation's Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships to fund research concerning the introduction of organisms produced with biotechnology into the environment. This research is intended to address regulatory concerns about potential environmental, human health, or animal health risks and to aid regulators in developing clear pathways for biotechnology products. The program will fund various entities, including universities and industry, prioritizing research on topics such as identifying unintended effects, monitoring dispersal, and understanding gene transfer. The bill authorizes $50,000,000 annually for fiscal years 2026 through 2030 for this critical research. The legislation also mandates a comprehensive two-phase study by the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine on the safety and benefits of biotechnology. Phase one will compare biotechnology tools to conventional methods, recommend risk-proportionate frameworks, and identify necessary research, while phase two will evaluate commercialized and future products, recommending ways to reduce oversight for low-risk items. The NSF Director will consult with key federal agencies, including the Department of Agriculture, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Environmental Protection Agency, to ensure regulatory coordination and applicability of research. An implementation plan for closing research gaps will be submitted to Congress, with $1,500,000 authorized for fiscal year 2026 to carry out this study.