This legislation, known as the ROTOR Act, seeks to significantly enhance aviation safety by expanding the use of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) technology. It mandates that all newly manufactured manned aircraft registered in the United States be equipped with ADS-B In within a few years of the bill's enactment. Additionally, existing manned aircraft already required to use ADS-B Out in designated airspace will also need to install and operate ADS-B In, with potential allowances for additional implementation time.

The bill also addresses the use of ADS-B Out exceptions by government agencies, clarifying that "sensitive government mission" does not include routine proficiency or training flights in Class B or C airspace unless for national security events. It requires agencies to submit quarterly reports on their ADS-B Out usage and exceptions, with the FAA then providing biannual reports to Congress, including determinations on whether such exceptions jeopardize aviation safety. The FAA is also directed to issue guidance for national defense, homeland security, and law enforcement aircraft to utilize Traffic Information Services-Broadcast (TIS-B) and the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS).

To further improve safety and oversight, the legislation mandates an Inspector General of the Army audit of the Army's coordination with the FAA, pilot training standards, and ADS-B Out adherence, particularly concerning operations in the National Capitol Region. The FAA is also tasked with initiating a study on the feasibility of establishing a dynamic restricted area for rotorcraft over the Potomac River near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA). Additionally, the bill requires the FAA to review and modify charted helicopter routes near commercial service airports to ensure sufficient separation from fixed-wing aircraft. Finally, it repeals a previous provision regarding DoD ADS-B equipment.