The "Ensuring Safe and Toxic-Free Foods Act of 2025" aims to strengthen food safety regulations by amending the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, particularly concerning substances added to food. It establishes a new Section 409A, stipulating that any substance intended to become a component of food is deemed unsafe unless it meets rigorous new criteria for being Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) . Manufacturers are now required to submit detailed notices with comprehensive safety data, including information on cumulative effects, hazard, dose response, exposure, and conclusive evidence demonstrating the absence of carcinogenicity, reproductive, or developmental toxicity. The legislation grants the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) enhanced authority to review these GRAS determinations, necessitating public availability of submissions and opportunities for public comment. The FDA can object to a GRAS determination if documentation is incomplete, if experts involved have conflicts of interest, or if the available evidence inadequately supports the safety claim. Furthermore, the bill mandates the FDA to conduct regular safety reassessments of at least 10 substances or classes of substances every three years, requiring manufacturers to provide necessary data for these evaluations. Notably, substances identified as carcinogenic or showing evidence of reproductive or developmental toxicity are explicitly excluded from GRAS status under this Act, with the amendments taking effect two years after enactment.