The ALERT Communities Act seeks to enhance efforts to prevent overdose deaths by increasing the availability and effective use of fentanyl and xylazine test strips. It amends existing law to allow grant funds from the 21st Century Cures Act, previously allocated for opioid use disorder response, to be utilized for facilitating access to these crucial overdose prevention products, provided their purchase and possession comply with federal and state laws. Furthermore, the bill mandates an update to the Public Health Service Act, requiring that first responders and other relevant community sectors receive training and resources on carrying and facilitating access to fentanyl or xylazine test strips. This provision aims to equip frontline personnel with the tools and knowledge necessary to help individuals avoid accidental overdose. To advance the technology, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in collaboration with key agencies, must develop and publicize research and marketing frameworks for test strip technology. These frameworks will provide guidance for manufacturers, emphasize clinical applications, and outline authorization pathways for new test strip innovations. Finally, the legislation requires a comprehensive study on the impact of drug checking supplies, including test strips, on overdose frequency, overdose deaths, and engagement in substance use disorder treatment, with a report due to Congress within two years.