This legislation, known as the Easy Enrollment in Health Care Act, aims to significantly streamline the process of enrolling individuals in health insurance affordability programs and minimum essential coverage. It establishes a program by January 1, 2028, enabling taxpayers to elect, when filing their federal income tax returns, to have their household members' eligibility for such programs determined. With taxpayer consent, relevant tax return information can be disclosed to health insurance Exchanges to facilitate enrollment, particularly into zero-net-premium plans. The bill outlines specific taxpayer requirements, including identifying uninsured household members and consenting to the disclosure of relevant return information to Exchanges. A supplemental form will collect additional necessary details, such as state of residence and employment status, but explicitly excludes requests for citizenship, immigration, or health status. Exchanges are mandated to minimize additional information required from taxpayers, leveraging tax return data and other reliable third-party sources to determine eligibility for Medicaid, CHIP, and qualified health plans. For individuals found eligible for a zero-net-premium qualified health plan, and who have consented to enrollment, the Exchange will identify and select a default plan. This includes a special enrollment period and procedures for notifying individuals of their default enrollment, with options to select a different plan or opt out. The Act also modernizes eligibility criteria for Medicaid and CHIP programs, allowing states to rely on SNAP and TANF eligibility findings and using prior calendar year income for early-year determinations. Furthermore, the legislation modifies how eligibility for advance premium tax credits is determined, introducing an "applicable taxable year" definition to improve stability and predictability of coverage. It establishes safe harbors to prevent unexpected tax increases if advance payments align with income reported on tax returns or determined by the Exchange. The bill also strengthens data infrastructure by granting insurance affordability programs access to the National Directory of New Hires and other group health coverage information, facilitating electronic transmission of data and waiving certain attestation requirements. To support these initiatives, the Act appropriates necessary funds to the Secretary of Health and Human Services for establishing and operating information exchange and processing infrastructure. An advisory committee will be established to provide guidance on implementing the Act, including experts in behavioral economics and insurance affordability programs. Finally, the Secretary of Health and Human Services is directed to conduct a study analyzing the Act's impact and recommending improvements, such as potential pilot projects for automatic enrollment and aligning open enrollment periods with tax filing.