The IDeA Reauthorization Act of 2025 aims to improve the Institutional Development Award (IDeA) program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) by formally naming it and updating eligibility criteria for participating states. The bill defines an IDeA State as one at or below the median of all states in aggregate NIH grant funding, excluding IDeA funding, calculated on a rolling multi-year average. It mandates that NIH submit annual reports to Congress or a public data source, detailing the IDeA program's strategy and objectives. These reports must also describe awards made in the previous fiscal year, including efforts to integrate IDeA States into NIH activities, the percentage of IDeA program reviewers from IDeA States, and updates on collaborative awards. Finally, NIH is required to describe the gains in academic research quality and biomedical science human resource development achieved through the IDeA program over the preceding five fiscal years.