This legislation aims to extend the protections of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA) to public sector employees. It achieves this by amending the definition of "employer" in OSHA to explicitly include the United States, any State, or any political subdivision of a State, thereby covering federal, state, and local government workers. The bill clarifies that this expansion does not alter the existing provisions regarding State plans under OSHA. The general effective date for the Act is 90 days after its enactment. However, for State or political subdivision workplaces that do not currently have an approved State safety plan, the effective date is delayed to 36 months after enactment, allowing additional time for compliance or the development of such plans.