The FORECAST Act of 2025 aims to significantly improve the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) weather research and forecasting, with a particular focus on subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) predictions . It mandates NOAA to conduct and support fundamental research to enhance understanding of S2S predictability for temperature, precipitation, and other Earth system variables. Key provisions include collecting and utilizing observational data for reliable forecasts, prioritizing multi-model ensemble forecast systems, and accelerating the operationalization of emerging modeling technologies, including those leveraging artificial intelligence and machine learning. NOAA is also required to provide information on how S2S forecasts relate to natural disasters and to establish an internet clearinghouse for this data. For these improvements, the bill authorizes specific appropriations of $28.5 million for fiscal years 2026 and 2027 , along with additional necessary sums for accelerating modeling technology operationalization. These funds are designated for activities such as high-performance computing and scientific innovation within NOAA's modeling efforts. Furthermore, the Act establishes a "Weather and Earth System Modeling and Data Assimilation Workforce Innovation Program" within NOAA. This program aims to support the education and recruitment of next-generation researchers and practitioners skilled in advanced computing, AI, machine learning, and data assimilation, including through financial assistance. The Under Secretary must develop and annually revise a human capital plan to identify workforce needs and strategies, and update NOAA's direct hiring authority to include this program. Necessary appropriations are authorized for the program's functions.