This legislation aims to safeguard the invaluable archeological, sacred, and historic resources within the Greater Chaco region of New Mexico. This area encompasses the Chaco Culture National Historical Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and numerous other cultural sites vital to Pueblo and other Indian Tribes. The bill recognizes the ongoing threats posed by extensive natural gas development and renewed oil exploration to these resources, the sacred landscape, and local communities. To achieve this protection, the bill establishes the Chaco Cultural Heritage Withdrawal Area , withdrawing all Federal land within its boundaries from new mineral leasing, mining, and other forms of appropriation. It specifically targets oil and gas development by automatically terminating covered leases —those that are non-producing, lack drilling operations by their primary term's end, and are not part of a certified development plan. Any Federal land from such terminated, relinquished, or acquired leases will also be permanently withdrawn from future development. While implementing these protections, the Act ensures that the mineral rights of Indian Tribes or members of the Navajo Nation on trust or allotment land remain unaffected. Furthermore, it allows for necessary improvements and rights-of-way for water, power, utility, or road development to support communities adjacent to or within the protected Federal land. The Secretary of the Interior is also authorized to convey or exchange Federal land within the withdrawal area with Indian Tribes under approved resource management plans.