The Marine Aquaculture Research for America Act of 2026, or MARA Act of 2026, seeks to establish a robust framework for the development and regulation of commercial-scale offshore aquaculture in the United States. Its primary purposes include authorizing the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to study demonstration projects, assess environmental and regulatory viability, support workforce development, and reduce the U.S. seafood trade deficit. The bill emphasizes developing offshore aquaculture sustainably, minimizing conflicts with existing fishing access, and ensuring environmental protection. A key provision is the establishment of an Office of Aquaculture within NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service, tasked with coordinating the implementation of the Act, administering the assessment program, and developing best management practices. This office will also conduct outreach, research, and provide regional representation with dedicated aquaculture coordinators. Furthermore, it allows for agreements with coastal states to participate in activities for aquaculture operations in state waters that share characteristics with offshore environments. Central to the bill is the creation of an assessment program for offshore aquaculture , which the NOAA Administrator must establish within 180 days. This program will evaluate the viability of offshore aquaculture by examining commercial-scale facility designs, operational methods, and technologies. It will focus on preventing escapes, minimizing wildlife entanglement, avoiding adverse environmental impacts, and ensuring compliance with navigation and safety requirements. The Administrator will issue permits for commercial-scale demonstration projects under this program, with strict eligibility requirements. Projects must cultivate native or historically naturalized species, avoid harmful genetically modified organisms, and incorporate designs that minimize risks of escape, wildlife impacts, and pollution. Permitted projects must also comply with major environmental laws, maximize compatibility with existing marine uses, and minimize the use of therapeutants. The bill outlines a detailed application process for permits, including public comment periods and priority consideration for projects benefiting communities impacted by disasters or located in Aquaculture Opportunity Areas. It mandates the collection of socioeconomic data and establishes clear timelines for permit decisions, with provisions for renewal, modification, or termination of projects. NOAA is designated as the lead federal agency for coordinating permit reviews with other federal agencies, aiming for a unified and timely process, including a consolidated environmental review under NEPA. To support the industry, the Act mandates marketing and promotion grants, the establishment of regional networks of experts and stakeholders, and an aquaculture database. It also requires technical assistance programs for operators of offshore aquaculture facilities, tailored to regional needs. These initiatives aim to foster professional development, facilitate market access, and provide essential resources to the growing sector. Finally, the legislation mandates two crucial reports. The Ocean Studies Board of the National Academies will conduct a study within five years to develop the scientific basis for efficient and effective regulation of offshore aquaculture. This study will identify optimal operation methods, potential adverse effects (e.g., from antibiotics, pollution, gear, wildlife interactions), mitigation strategies, and economic impacts. Concurrently, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) will submit a report examining the permitting, monitoring, and regulation of offshore aquaculture over a 15-year period, assessing lessons learned and providing recommendations for future operations, regulatory processes, and stakeholder involvement.