Injunctive Authority Clarification Act of 2025

The "Injunctive Authority Clarification Act of 2025" seeks to amend Title 28 of the United States Code by adding a new section, 2285, which significantly restricts the injunctive authority of federal courts. This proposed legislation specifically prohibits any U.S. court from issuing an order that purports to restrain the enforcement of any statute, regulation, or similar authority against an individual or entity that is not a party to the lawsuit. The primary intent of this bill is to prevent the issuance of "national" or "universal" injunctions, which can broadly halt the implementation of laws or policies for non-litigants. However, it includes an important exception: such an order may be issued if the non-party is represented by a party acting in a representative capacity , consistent with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, thereby allowing for established collective legal actions.