This legislation aims to enhance the resilience of the nation's transportation infrastructure against natural disasters by amending title 23 of the United States Code, which governs federal highway programs. It introduces new requirements for both metropolitan and statewide transportation planning processes. Specifically, the bill mandates that metropolitan planning organizations and states, in their respective transportation plans, must identify existing transportation facilities most vulnerable to frequently occurring natural disasters within their areas. Furthermore, these plans must pinpoint which facilities are most critical for maintaining operational continuity during or immediately following a natural disaster. Finally, the legislation requires the identification of specific improvement projects necessary to ensure the continued operation of these essential transportation assets.