HEAR Act of 2026

This bill establishes a comprehensive federal prohibition on firearm silencers and mufflers. It makes it unlawful for individuals to import, sell, manufacture, transfer, or possess these devices in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce.

Key exceptions to this prohibition are provided for government entities, including federal and state agencies, and qualified law enforcement officers, such as campus law enforcement, for official duties. Additionally, licensees under the Atomic Energy Act for security purposes and licensed manufacturers for authorized testing are exempt.

To facilitate compliance, the bill mandates the Attorney General to establish a 90-day nationwide buy-back program for firearm silencers and mufflers. It also amends existing law to allow federal Byrne grants to be used for compensating individuals who participate in these surrender programs. The core restrictions and penalties will take effect 90 days after the bill's enactment.