The Hong Kong Equal Treatment Act aims to fundamentally alter the United States' policy towards Hong Kong by prohibiting any differential treatment of the Special Administrative Region compared to the People's Republic of China. This means the U.S. Government would no longer afford Hong Kong a separate status under U.S. law, effectively treating it as part of mainland China for all purposes. Furthermore, the bill mandates the President to impose sanctions on foreign persons determined to be involved in undermining democracy and human rights in Hong Kong. These individuals include those responsible for implementing the National Security Law , engaging in actions that threaten Hong Kong's autonomy or democratic processes, or committing gross human rights abuses like arbitrary detention or censorship. Sanctions also extend to leaders of entities involved in such activities and those who provide material support to sanctioned persons, primarily involving the blocking of their property and interests within U.S. jurisdiction.