This bill, known as the "Improving Home Dialysis Act of 2026," seeks to enhance support for Medicare beneficiaries undergoing self-care home dialysis by expanding covered services. Beginning January 1, 2028, it mandates the inclusion of two new categories of services: staff-assisted home dialysis respite care and renal mental health services , both furnished in the patient's home. Staff-assisted home dialysis respite care is defined as dialysis services provided by qualified personnel to patients temporarily unable to competently dialyze independently, particularly during the initial 30 days of home dialysis or for those with physical limitations. Renal mental health services are covered for the first 60 days after a patient initiates home dialysis. The legislation establishes specific, non-budget neutral payment adjustments for these services, with limits on the number of covered sessions per year or during the initial period of home dialysis.