This legislation establishes a comprehensive research, development, and demonstration program within the Department of Energy to advance innovative vehicle technologies. The core purpose is to substantially reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions from vehicle manufacturing and use, decrease vehicle costs, and foster the use of more efficient, sustainable, and domestically available materials and processes. The Secretary of Energy is tasked with coordinating these efforts across various federal agencies and reporting on progress and technology adoption every two years. A key component is the Advanced Vehicle Research and Development Program , which covers a wide array of areas including vehicle electrification, advanced batteries (with a focus on extreme fast charging and critical material recycling), alternative fuels, and vehicle weight reduction. It also extends to nonroad transportation sectors like aviation, rail, and maritime, aiming to reduce emissions and improve energy efficiency in these areas. The bill emphasizes the development of voluntary, consensus-based testing procedures for advanced vehicle performance. The bill also establishes an Advanced On-Road Vehicle Security Program to research cybersecurity and physical security for connected and electric vehicles, charging equipment, and their integration with the electric grid. Additionally, a Vehicle Energy Storage System Safety Program is mandated to investigate mechanisms leading to safety incidents, develop new materials, and advance testing techniques for vehicle batteries and hydrogen fuel storage. These programs aim to enhance the safety and resilience of future transportation systems. For medium- and heavy-duty commercial and transit vehicles, a dedicated program supports research, development, and demonstration of advanced energy technologies, including electric drivetrains, hydrogen vehicle technologies, and advanced engines. The Secretary may also provide technical assistance to State, local, and Tribal governments to aid in the commercial application of alternative fuels and related infrastructure, including coordination of charging and refueling equipment placement. To support workforce development, the bill authorizes the establishment of up to seven Graduate Automotive Technology Education Centers of Research Excellence (GATE) at higher education institutions, including Historically Black Colleges and Universities and minority-serving institutions. It also requires a request for information to assess research gaps in alternative fuel delivery and distribution, and an Energy Efficient Mobility Systems Program to address the energy impacts of advanced vehicle technologies and optimize integrated mobility systems. These initiatives aim to build expertise and address systemic challenges. An Advanced Vehicle Technologies Advisory Committee will be established to assess the program's progress, U.S. competitiveness, and provide recommendations to the Secretary and Congress. The legislation mandates extensive coordination among various Department of Energy offices and other federal agencies, as well as with State and local governments. Significant appropriations are authorized, starting at $530 million for fiscal year 2027 and increasing annually through 2031, to fund these critical research, development, and demonstration activities.