This bill, titled the Higher Education Challenge Grant Modernization Act , amends the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 to reauthorize and update grants and fellowships for food and agricultural sciences education. It expands the priorities for these grants to include teaching enhancement projects that incorporate paid work-based learning opportunities. These projects are specifically designed to address the critical need for additional trained professionals in both food and agricultural sciences. Furthermore, the bill aims to bolster the workforce in rural economic, community, and business development through these educational initiatives. To fund these expanded programs, the bill authorizes an appropriation of $60,000,000 annually for each fiscal year from 2026 through 2035.