This bill, known as the HBCU AI Research Leadership Act , amends the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 to ensure greater participation of Historically Black Colleges and Universities in national artificial intelligence research. Specifically, it mandates that not less than ten percent of financial assistance awarded for national artificial intelligence research institutes must be designated for eligible Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) or consortia involving them. This allocation aims to support HBCUs in establishing and sustaining these critical AI research institutes, potentially through partnerships with other institutions. The bill also includes a definition for "historically Black college and university" by referencing existing federal law, clarifying eligibility for this special funding.