This bill, known as the "Stop Militarizing Law Enforcement Act," significantly amends section 2576a of title 10, United States Code, to impose substantial limitations on the Department of Defense's transfer of excess personal property to Federal and State law enforcement agencies through the 1033 program. It aims to curb the militarization of local police by restricting the types of equipment transferred and enhancing oversight, citing concerns about past deficiencies and the rescission of executive orders that provided safeguards. The legislation explicitly prohibits the transfer of various military-grade items, including controlled firearms , ammunition, bayonets, grenade launchers, grenades, and explosives. It also bans armored or weaponized drones , combat-configured aircraft, silencers , long-range acoustic devices, and certain vehicles like mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicles (MRAPs) . Limited exceptions allow for non-automatic firearms and specific vehicles if certified for public safety or disaster response and not for routine patrol. New conditions for property transfer require recipients to describe the intended use, certify the return of surplus property, and for non-Federal agencies, provide public notice of requests and obtain approval from their local governing body . The bill mandates rigorous accountability, including annual certifications to Congress that agencies have accounted for all controlled property, with non-compliant agencies facing suspension from the program. A critical provision requires Federal or State agencies to return transferred property within 30 days if they become the subject of a Department of Justice investigation into civil liberties violations involving that property, or are found to have engaged in widespread civil liberties abuses. The Secretary of Defense must also submit annual reports on lost property and new property transferred, alongside quarterly reports on the use of controlled equipment, ensuring greater transparency and responsible use of military surplus. These amendments apply to all property transfers made after the bill's enactment.