This bill mandates the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to develop a comprehensive federal science strategy for methane monitoring and detection within 18 months. This strategy, developed in consultation with other federal agencies, will assess current and future capabilities, including ground-based, airborne, and space-based sensors , focusing on detecting methane emissions and large events to enhance American energy security. NASA is also required to submit a report on this strategy to Congress. The strategy's primary goal is to enhance the scientific and operational value of these capabilities, informing NASA's research and development and enabling non-Federal entities, such as state and local governments and the natural gas and oil industry, to leverage the data for rapid leak mitigation. Crucially, the bill clarifies that it does not grant any new enforcement authority regarding methane emissions to NASA or other federal agencies.