This legislation revises how incarcerated individuals are counted in the decennial census, aiming to address the practice of counting prisoners at facility locations. Beginning with the 2030 census, it requires the Secretary to attribute individuals in State, Federal, county, or municipal correctional facilities, or youth detention centers, to their last usual place of residence before incarceration . The bill further mandates that if an incarcerated individual is counted in a state based on this new methodology, their last usual place of residence before incarceration must be used for the purposes of congressional redistricting . This ensures that population counts for political representation accurately reflect communities rather than the geographical locations of correctional facilities.