The "Under Pressure Act" directs the Administrator of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) to submit a comprehensive report to Congress within 18 months of enactment. This report must detail the rate and causes of rail tank car pressure relief device failures specifically during derailment events. For each failure event, the report needs to include specific variables such as the number of tank cars involved, the presence and characteristics of any fire, and the circumstances leading to the device failure. It also requires an an assessment of the device's compatibility with the commodity, its survivability under high heat, and its orientation. Furthermore, the FRA must provide recommendations to prevent future pressure relief device failures and update Congress on the status of any relevant National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) recommendations for which an acceptable response has not been provided. In developing this report, the Administrator is required to consult with various stakeholders, including the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, rail employers, employees, and tank car industry representatives.