This legislation mandates the Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS IG) to initiate investigations into programs administered by the Secretary of Health and Human Services. The requirement for an investigation is triggered when a significant increase in payments to providers and suppliers is observed. Specifically, if the total amount paid under any HHS program rises by 10 percent or more during any 6-month period compared to the prior 6-month period, the HHS IG must open an inquiry. This provision aims to provide oversight and scrutiny of substantial payment increases within federal health programs. The bill establishes a clear, quantitative threshold for triggering these mandatory investigations by the HHS IG to identify and address potential issues.