The bill establishes a Sense of Congress that the People's Republic of China (PRC) systematically exploits sensitive United States data and intellectual property to modernize its military and intelligence capabilities, enable human rights abuses, and develop dual-use technologies. It highlights the PRC's military-civil fusion strategy and laws compelling citizens to cooperate with national security, posing grave threats to U.S. national security. The export of novel synthetic DNA and RNA sequences is identified as a high potential for intellectual property theft by foreign adversaries, necessitating export controls. To address these concerns, the legislation amends the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 to require a license for the export, reexport, or in-country transfer of digital sequences of synthetic DNA or RNA to a foreign entity of concern . This requirement applies to sequences designed by humans or artificial intelligence systems. A "foreign entity of concern" includes government entities, foreign persons subject to or organized under the laws of a foreign country of concern, or those owned, directed, or controlled by such entities. The bill defines "digital sequence" as a binary file representing DNA/RNA identity and order, and "synthetic DNA or RNA" to include recombinant nucleic acids and chemically synthesized or modified nucleic acid molecules.