This bill establishes the IMPROVE Initiative within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to significantly enhance maternal health outcomes across the United States. The Initiative's primary goals are to reduce preventable causes of maternal mortality and severe maternal morbidity, and to actively address health disparities, particularly among populations disproportionately affected. It seeks to achieve these objectives by advancing research, employing an integrated approach to understand biological and behavioral factors affecting maternal health, and building an evidence base for improved outcomes. Furthermore, the Initiative will target health disparities by implementing and evaluating community-based interventions for affected women and identifying underlying biological mechanisms associated with leading causes of maternal mortality. To support these efforts, the bill authorizes an appropriation of $73,400,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2031.