This legislation amends title 18 of the United States Code by establishing new prohibitions related to surrogacy arrangements, primarily targeting individuals who are registered sex offenders. It makes it a federal crime for a person required to register as a sex offender to use an instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce to enter into a surrogacy arrangement with the intent to exercise parental rights over the child. The bill also criminalizes individuals who use interstate or foreign commerce to enter a surrogacy arrangement and then commit a sex offense at any point between the arrangement's initiation and the child's birth. Violators of these provisions face substantial penalties, including fines and imprisonment for up to 18 years . The legislation defines "sex offender" and "sex offense" by referencing the existing Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act, and clarifies "surrogacy arrangement" as one where the carrier does not exercise parental rights and another person does.